In the preamble the post discusses wanting to learn how to write enterprise-type code, but if we are going just good ol' CS books in general, no one can touch SICP. The definition of abstraction in there blew my mind.
SICP is amazing. The only bad thing I can say about it is that since it was my first CS textbook in college, it naturally became my measuring stick for "good CS book", which has nearly ruined most of the CS books I read.
I can't say enough good things about SICP. I'm currently working my way through it, and it's such a joy. Watching Prof. Abelson and Sussman's recorded lectures from the 80's is equally enjoyable because they're such good lecturers; thought-provoking and engaging.
Having recently revisited SICP, I am not nearly as impressed anymore as I used to be when I worked through it as a teenager. It aged badly (or perhaps, I outgrew it).