Galaxy Nexus did (though that's not particularly recent).
I suspect most Tegra-based devices do -- though they introduced a combo apps/model Tegra 4i last year, which likely shares resources.
Generally if it has a standalone apps processor that's provided by a different vendor than the modem it probably does.
Even with unified apps/modem designs, some newer SoCs are designed to provide isolation between the cores, but from a tinfoil hat perspective that requires you to trust the SoC vendor (and perhaps the fab), so if you're paranoid you'd probably avoid any combo designs.
