Honor to Apple for pushing this clang forward, together with WebKit clang is probably one of the most significant contribution to the open source community to date.
I'd disagree and say in terms of significant contributions, Firefox has made the biggest impact, not just on the computing world but in general social terms.
Android has gotten more people running open source software, but it hasn't done much to improve the ecosystem. There's not much coming back upstream other than some kernel updates.
Depends how you mean it, really. Android has had an impact, and happens to be open-source (albeit not operated like a normal open-source project; it's closer to a code-dump, as with Apple WebKit in the early days). However, if Android was not open-source, but had source shared with OEMs, would its impact really have been substantially different? I suspect not.
However, if Mozilla, clang or WebKit had not been open-source, their impact would have been very different (and much less).