Structurally, the book is a mess. But it is a narrative disaster much like Snow Crash, in which it doesn't matter because you're so busy trying to integrate all the mind candy you don't notice until a re-read.
I feel like there are other science fiction books like this - overstuffed with lovely things to think about, from an author who is either inexperienced or doesn't care about the craft side. (In this case, Charlie was a fairly fresh author, he's improved a lot.)
Some of Greg Egan's writing fits that, but I'm having trouble thinking of other authors.
It's not a mess structurally. If you read the notes on it, you will will find Stross wrote a series of nine loosely connected short stories, which follow each other temporally and thematically. If you you try to remember it's not a novel as such it will help you relax and enjoy each section better.
Stephenson's inability to finish books coherently is a completely different issue
Greg Egan is fascinating. His storytelling and characters feel oddly flat and sterile to me, but he's the only sci-fi author in 25 years of adulthood that regularly makes me think "I'm not quite smart enough to be reading this," and that's pretty impressive.
Sometimes the style of writing is part of the message too. Like with qntm's Lena (https://qntm.org/mmacevedo) that looks like a Wikipedia's page. A rushed writing on the topic of going too fast could be appropriate.
Qntm (Sam Hughes) has a number of works like this. Ra, Fine Structure, and There is no Antimemetics Division are fun reads that get really messy at times.
I feel like there are other science fiction books like this - overstuffed with lovely things to think about, from an author who is either inexperienced or doesn't care about the craft side. (In this case, Charlie was a fairly fresh author, he's improved a lot.)
Some of Greg Egan's writing fits that, but I'm having trouble thinking of other authors.