I've worked in the healthcare tech world (for both providers and payors) so I can comment a little here. There's a difference between "billing to put as many relevant codes as possible" and "billing procedure that were not performed". The former is perfectly acceptable, the latter is not and would be fraud. It's possible it was in error, billing is super complicated so I'd recommend just trying to get ahold of the clinic and talk to them first.
There has to be supporting clinical notes for anything that gets billed. There are companies/researchers that try to find large scale fraud and then pursue legal action under the False Claims Act (if they win they get up to 30% of what is recoverable) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medicare_fraud#Medicare_fraud_...
There are also companies that try to help maximize billing. Really they're just trying to bill for everything that occurred, they aren't doing anything exploitive necessarily.
There has to be supporting clinical notes for anything that gets billed. There are companies/researchers that try to find large scale fraud and then pursue legal action under the False Claims Act (if they win they get up to 30% of what is recoverable) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medicare_fraud#Medicare_fraud_...
There are also companies that try to help maximize billing. Really they're just trying to bill for everything that occurred, they aren't doing anything exploitive necessarily.