You don't need a warrant to get data from a third party. The government just asks and if the they enjoy receiving special treatment and other favors in the future they comply. That's why the USG likes to have this collection devolved to private entities.
Google isn't the one holding the keys to the castle. Data brokers predate them by decades. The primary reason why the US has weak data protection laws is because the government doesn't want their activities to be encumbered.
Warrants are at will? Nope.