One thing parents do has a huge effect on outcomes and that is controlling their child's environment. For example, children that attend school with more children with an incarcerated parent are more likely to get in trouble with the law[1].
Similarly, sending a child to a school with a culture of academic achievement, where doing well increases their social status, will have better outcomes.
Simply put, childrens' peers influence their development more than their parents, but parents do have some control over who those peers are.
Similarly, sending a child to a school with a culture of academic achievement, where doing well increases their social status, will have better outcomes.
Simply put, childrens' peers influence their development more than their parents, but parents do have some control over who those peers are.
[1] https://www.nber.org/papers/w25730?sy=730