There are models for sentiment analysis (mostly using Twitter data, just enter sentiment analysis in Google Scholar) and you can use things like sentimentAPI: https://github.com/mikelynn2/sentimentAPI

I have at least one paper about sarcasm in my Zotero (link to PDF): http://www.aclweb.org/anthology/P/P11/P11-2.pdf#page=621

If you don't want to click on that nondiscript looking link, the title is: "Identifying Sarcasm in Twitter: A Closer Look"