I get that you like Go, but you can't run Go in a web browser. Ultimately, whatever you write will have to be evaluated in a web browser, which means it will be JavaScript at some point. Just like you've observed with CoffeeScript, writing in a different language is just a layer of abstraction on top of JavaScript.
Web apps have a back-end and a front-end. You can definitely write the back-end without touching JavaScript. You can even write it in Go. Square did a nice writeup comparing several:
When it comes to browser side, you're stuck with JavaScript though. Trying to avoid it will only bring more pain and frustration than attacking the problem head-on.
I would point out that programming languages don't make errors, programmers do. I'm no fan of JavaScript. I too avoid it when I can. It's absolutely necessary if you want to write web apps though. As you become more familiar with JavaScript, your error rate will go down.
If JavaScript really puts you off, maybe consider going another direction, like mobile app development. Both iOS and Android applications are developed using compiled languages. You may find them more suitable to your programming style.
just a week ago, i made a test for myself, i decided to write merge sort in golang and javascript.
My golang program was complete in like 10min, but javascript program took 2 hrs. I dont know if its just me, but i tend to make small errors while programing, like making sure a variable is not undefined and stuff. Even though my logic was perfect its just very difficult to debug algorithms in javascript, let alone any lint for ide thats reliable.
the golang compiler is really good at catching errors, and makes programing more fun for me atleaset
